Digital atom interferometer with single particle control on a discretized spacetime geometry

Abstract

Engineering quantum particle systems, such as quantum simulators and quantum cellular automata, relies on full coherent control of quantum paths at the single particle level. Here we present an atom interferometer operating with single trapped atoms, where single particle wave packets are controlled through spin-dependent potentials. The interferometer is constructed from a sequence of discrete operations based on a set of elementary building blocks, which permit composing arbitrary interferometer geometries in a digital manner. We use this modularity to devise a spacetime analogue of the well-known spin echo technique, yielding insight into decoherence mechanisms. We also demonstrate mesoscopic delocalization of single atoms with a "separation-to-localization" ratio exceeding 500; this suggests their utilization beyond quantum logic applications as nano-resolution quantum probes in precision measurements, being able to measure potential gradients with precision $5\times 10^{-4}$ in units of gravitational acceleration $g$.

5 pages, 4 figures, published in 2012 in PNAS journal

References in corpus (7)

• Atom Interferometers
• Single-Spin Addressing in an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Quantum Walk in Position Space with Single Optically Trapped Atoms
• Analysis of dephasing mechanisms in a standing wave dipole trap
• Sublattice addressing and spin-dependent motion of atoms in a double-well lattice
• Nearest-Neighbor Detection of Atoms in a 1D Optical Lattice by Fluorescence Imaging
• Bound Molecules in an Interacting Quantum Walk

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Decoherence Models for Discrete-Time Quantum Walks and their Application to Neutral Atom Experiments
• Detecting atoms trapped in an optical lattice using a tapered optical nanofiber