Collision cross sections for the thermalization of cold gases

Abstract

The collision cross section that controls thermalization of gas mixtures is the transport cross section ${\sigma }_{\eta }^{(1)}$ and not the elastic cross section ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{el}}$. The two are the same for pure s-wave scattering but not when higher partial waves contribute. We investigate the differences between them for prototype atomic mixtures and show that the distinction is important at energies above 100 $\mu$K for LiYb and 3 $\mu$K for RbYb and RbCs. For simple systems both ${\sigma }_{\eta }^{(1)}$ and ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{el}}$ follow universal energy dependence that depends only on the s-wave scattering length when expressed in reduced length and energy units.

6 pages, 5 figures

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