Plasma physical parameters along Coronal Mass Ejection-driven shocks: I observations

Abstract

In this work UV and white light (WL) coronagraphic data are combined to derive the full set of plasma physical parameters along the front of a shock driven by a Coronal Mass Ejection. Pre-shock plasma density, shock compression ratio, speed and inclination angle are estimated from WL data, while pre-shock plasma temperature and outflow velocity are derived from UV data. The Rankine-Hugoniot (RH) equations for the general case of an oblique shock are then applied at three points along the front located between $2.2-2.6$ R${}_{\odot }$ at the shock nose and at the two flanks. Stronger field deflection (by $\sim 46^{\circ }$), plasma compression (factor $\sim 2.7$) and heating (factor $\sim 12$) occur at the nose, while heating at the flanks is more moderate (factor $1.5-3.0$). Starting from a pre-shock corona where protons and electrons have about the same temperature ($T_p\sim T_e\sim 1.5\cdot 10^6$ K), temperature increases derived with RH equations could better represent the protons heating (by dissipation across the shock), while the temperature increase implied by adiabatic compression (factor $\sim 2$ at the nose, $\sim 1.2-1.5$ at the flanks) could be more representative of electrons heating: the transit of the shock causes a decoupling between electron and proton temperatures. Derived magnetic field vector rotations imply a draping of field lines around the expanding flux rope. The shock turns out to be super-critical (sub-critical) at the nose (at the flanks), where derived post-shock plasma parameters can be very well approximated with those derived by assuming a parallel (perpendicular) shock.

29 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ

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• Determination of Coronal Mass Ejection physical parameters from combination of polarized visible light and UV Lyman-$\alpha$ observations
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• Quantifying the Magnetic Structure of a Coronal Shock Producing a Type II Radio Burst
• Corrugated Features in Coronal-mass-ejections-driven Shocks: A Discussion on the Predisposition to Particle Acceleration
• Measuring coronal magnetic fields with remote sensing observations of shock waves