Probing cosmic opacity at high redshifts with gamma-ray bursts

Abstract

Probing the evolution of the universe at high redshifts with standard candles is a powerful way to discriminate dark energy models, where an open question nowadays is whether this component is constant or evolves with time. One possible source of ambiguity in this kind of analyses comes from cosmic opacity, which can mimick a dark enery behaviour. However, most tests of cosmic opacity have been restricted to the redshift range $z<2$. In this work, by using luminosity distances of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), {given the validity of the Amati relation}, and the latest $H(z)$ data we determine constraints on the cosmic opacity at high redshifts ($z>2$) for a flat $\Lambda$CDM model. A possible degenerescence of the results with the adopted cosmological model is also investigated by considering a flat XCDM model. The limits on cosmic opacity in the redshift range $0<z<2$ are updated with type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Union2.1 sample, where we added the most distant ($z=1.713$) spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia. From the analyses performed, we find that both SNe Ia and GRBs samples are compatible with a transparent universe at $1\sigma$ level and the results are independent of the dark energy equation of state parameter $w$.

7 pages, 6 figures, 1 Table, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D

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• Testing the violation of the equivalence principle in the electromagnetic sector and its consequences in $f(T)$ gravity
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• Exploring the potentiality of standard sirens to probe cosmic opacity at high redshifts
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• Galaxy clusters, cosmic chronometers and the Einstein equivalence principle
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• Testing the Distance Duality Relation with Cosmological Observations at high Redshift using Artificial Neural Network
• Current constraints on the minimally extended varying speed of light model through the cosmic distance duality relation