Efficient Continuous-Duty Bitter-Type Electromagnets for Cold Atom Experiments

Abstract

We present the design, construction and characterization of Bitter-type electromagnets which can generate high magnetic fields under continuous operation with efficient heat removal for cold atom experiments. The electromagnets are constructed from a stack of alternating layers consisting of copper arcs and insulating polyester spacers. Efficient cooling of the copper is achieved via parallel rectangular water cooling channels between copper layers with low resistance to flow; a high ratio of the water-cooled surface area to the volume of copper ensures a short length scale ~1 mm to extract dissipated heat. High copper fraction per layer ensures high magnetic field generated per unit energy dissipated. The ensemble is highly scalable and compressed to create a watertight seal without epoxy. From our measurements, a peak field of 770 G is generated 14 mm away from a single electromagnet with a current of 400 A and a total power dissipation of 1.6 kW. With cooling water flowing at 3.8 l/min, the coil temperature only increases by 7 degrees Celsius under continuous operation.

5 pages, 5 figures

Cited by in corpus (9)

• A new quantum gas apparatus for ultracold mixtures of K and Cs and KCs ground-state molecules
• A digital PID controller for stabilizing large electric currents to the ppm level for Feshbach resonance studies
• Atom-Number Enhancement by Shielding Atoms from Losses in Strontium Magneto-Optical Traps
• Design and construction of a quantum matter synthesizer
• All-optical production of ${}^6\text{Li}$ molecular BEC in excited hyperfine levels
• A compact and fast magnetic coil for the interaction manipulation of quantum gases with Feshbach resonances
• A Bitter-type electromagnet for complex atomic trapping and manipulation
• Compact bulk-machined electromagnets for quantum gas experiments
• Efficient water-cooled Bitter-type electromagnet for Zeeman slowing in cold-atom experiments