Stability of persistent currents in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

Motivated by a recent experiment [S. Beattie, S. Moulder, R. J. Fletcher, and Z. Hadzibabic, PRL 110, 025301 (2013)] we study the superflow of atomic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates optically trapped in a ring-shaped geometry. Within a dissipative mean-field approach we simulate a two-component condensate in conditions adapted to the experiment. In qualitative agreement with the experimental findings, we observe persistent currents, if the spin-population imbalance is above some well-defined `critical' value. The triply charged vortices decay in quantized steps. The vortex lines escape from the center of the ring through dynamically created regions in the condensate annulus with reduced density of one component filled by atoms of the other component. The vortices then leave the ring-shaped high density region of the condensate and finally decay into elementary excitations.

5 pages, 3 figures

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• Symmetry breaking in interacting ring-shaped superflows of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Nonlinear dynamics of Josephson vortices in merging superfluid rings
• Matter-wave Fractional Revivals in a Ring Waveguide
• Floquet solitons and dynamics of periodically driven matter waves with negative effective mass
• Persistent currents in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a ring trap
• Excitation spectrum of a mixture of two Bose gases confined in a ring potential with interaction asymmetry
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• Acceleration-induced transport of quantum vortices in joined atomtronic circuits
• Mixture of two unequally charged superfluids in a magnetic field
• Counterflow and coflow instabilities in miscible binary superfluids