Donaldson-Thomas Invariants of 2-Dimensional sheaves inside threefolds and modular forms

Abstract

Motivated by the S-duality conjecture, we study the Donaldson-Thomas invariants of the 2 dimensional Gieseker stable sheaves on a threefold. These sheaves are supported on the fibers of a nonsingular threefold X fibered over a nonsingular curve. In the case where X is a K3 fibration, we express these invariants in terms of the Euler characteristic of the Hilbert scheme of points on the K3 fiber and the Noether-Lefschetz numbers of the fibration. We prove that a certain generating function of these invariants is a vector modular form of weight -3/2 as predicted in S-duality.

arXiv commentSome corrections were made and some arguments were extended. Many thanks to the referee's helpful comments. 22 pages, to Appear in Adv. Math. (2018). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1305.1334