Uniqueness results for semilinear elliptic systems on ${\mathbb{R}}^n$

Abstract

In this paper we establish uniqueness criteria for positive radially symmetric finite energy solutions of semilinear elliptic systems of the form \begin{align*} \begin{aligned} - Δu &= f(|x|,u,v)\quad\text{in}\R^n, - Δv &= f(|x|,v,u)\quad\text{in}\R^n. \end{aligned} \end{align*} As an application we consider the following nonlinear Schrödinger system \begin{align*} \begin{aligned} - Δu + u &= u^{2q-1} + b u^{q-1}v^q\quad\text{in}\R^n, - Δv + v &= v^{2q-1} + b v^{q-1}u^q \quad\text{in}\R^n. \end{aligned} \end{align*} for $b>0$ and exponents $q$ which satisfy $1<q<\infty$ in case $n\in \{1,2\}$ and $1<q<\frac{n}{n-2}$ in case $n\ge 3$. Generalizing the results of Wei and Yao dealing with the case $q=2$ we find new sufficient conditions and necessary conditions on $b,q,n$ such that precisely one positive solution exists. Our results dealing with the special case $n=1$ are optimal.