The Child-Langmuir law in the quantum domain

Abstract

It is shown using dimensional analysis that the maximum current density J_{QCL} transported on application of a voltage V_g across a gap of size D follows the relation J_{QCL} ~ \hbar^{3 - 2α} V_g^α/D^{5 - 2α}. The classical Child-Langmuir result is recovered at α= 3/2 on demanding that the scaling law be independent of \hbar. For a nanogap in the deep quantum regime, additional inputs in the form of appropriate boundary conditions and the behaviour of the exchange-correlation potential show that α= 5/14. This is verified numerically for several nanogaps. It is also argued that in this regime, the limiting mechanism is quantum reflection from a downhill potential due to a sharp change in slope seen by the electron on emerging through the barrier.

References in corpus (2)

• Transport across nanogaps using semiclassically consistent boundary conditions
• Comment on "New Scaling of Child-Langmuir Law in the Quantum Regime"

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