Amending the Vafa-Witten Theorem

Abstract

The strong version of the Vafa-Witten theorem is shown may not to hold because the zero condensate from a direct computation of the order parameter is found to be a result on the symmetric vacuum. The validity of the Vafa-Witten theorem relies then on its weak version, that the Goldstone boson is absent in vector-like gauge theories with vanishing θ-angle. The existence of a charged ρ-meson condensate, which violates electromagnetic gauge symmetry, is consistent with this weak version of the Vafa-Witten theorem when applied to strong magnetic fields in QCD.

6 pages

References in corpus (3)

• Superconductivity of QCD vacuum in strong magnetic field
• Spontaneous electromagnetic superconductivity of vacuum in strong magnetic field: evidence from the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
• Vafa-Witten theorem, vector meson condensates and magnetic-field-induced electromagnetic superconductivity of vacuum

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