High-temperature expansion of the one-loop free energy of a scalar field on a curved background

Abstract

The complete form of the high-temperature expansion of the one-loop contribution to the free energy of a scalar field on a stationary gravitational background is derived. The explicit expressions for the divergent and finite parts of the high-temperature expansion in a three-dimensional space without boundaries are obtained. These formulas generalize the known one for the stationary spacetime. In particular, we confirm that for a massless conformal scalar field the leading correction to the Planck law proportional to the temperature squared turns out to be nonzero due to non-static nature of the metric. The explicit expression for the so-called energy-time anomaly is found. The interrelation between this anomaly and the conformal (trace) anomaly is established. The natural simplest Lagrangian for the "Killing vector field" is given.

arXiv comment27 pages;considerable changes made,appendix B changed,equation (52) changed abstract changed, conclusion added, some references added

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• Quantum fields in curved space-time, semiclassical gravity, quantum gravity phenomenology, and analogue models: Report on session D4 at GR20