Closed and Open System Dynamics in a Fermionic Chain with a Microscopically Specified Bath: Relaxation and Thermalization

Abstract

We study thermalization in a one-dimensional quantum system consisting of a noninteracting fermionic chain with each site of the chain coupled to an additional bath site. Using a density matrix renormalization group algorithm we investigate the time evolution of observables in the chain after a quantum quench. For low densities we show that the intermediate time dynamics can be quantitatively described by a system of coupled equations of motion. For higher densities our numerical results show a prethermalization for local observables at intermediate times and a full thermalization to the grand canonical ensemble at long times. For the case of a weak bath-chain coupling we find, in particular, a Fermi momentum distribution in the chain in equilibrium in spite of the seemingly oversimplified bath in our model.

4+4 pages, 4+4 figures, as published with new title

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• Quenching the XXZ spin chain: quench action approach versus generalized Gibbs ensemble
• Quench dynamics of a Tonks-Girardeau gas released from a harmonic trap
• Locality and thermalization in closed quantum systems
• Quasiperiodic dynamical quantum phase transitions in multiband topological insulators and connections with entanglement entropy and fidelity susceptibility
• Resummation for Nonequilibrium Perturbation Theory and Application to Open Quantum Lattices
• Critical relaxation with overdamped quasiparticles in open quantum systems
• Thermalization after photoexcitation from the perspective of optical spectroscopy
• Out of equilibrium many-body expansion dynamics of strongly interacting bosons
• Expansion dynamics in a one-dimensional hard-core boson model with three-body interactions
• Decoherence of an impurity in a one-dimensional fermionic bath with mass imbalance