Testing Lorentz invariance with neutrino bursts from supernova neutronization

Abstract

Quantum-gravity (QG) effects might generate Lorentz invariance violation by the interaction of energetic particles with the foamy structure of the space-time. As a consequence, particles may not travel at the universal speed of light. We propose to constrain Lorentz invariance violation for energetic neutrinos exploiting the ${\nu }_e$ neutronization burst from the next galactic supernova (SN). This prompt signal is expected to produce a sharp peak in the SN ${\nu }_e$ light curve with a duration of $\sim 25$ ms. However presence of energy-dependent Lorentz invariance violation would significantly spread out the time structure of this signal. We find that the detection the SN ${\nu }_e$ burst from a typical galactic explosion at $d=10$ kpc in a Mton-class water Cerenkov detector, would be sensitive to a quantum-gravity mass scale $M_{\mathrm{QG}}\sim 10^{12}$ GeV ($2\times 10^5$ GeV) for the linear (quadratic) energy dependence of Lorentz invariance violation. These limits are rather independent of the neutrino mass hierarchy and whether the neutrino velocity is super or subluminal.

4 pages, 3 figures, Revised version. Minor changes. Matches published version

References in corpus (5)

• Observation of electron-antineutrino disappearance at Daya Bay
• Measurement of neutrino velocity with the MINOS detectors and NuMI neutrino beam
• GRBs Neutrinos as a Tool to Explore Quantum Gravity induced Lorentz Violation
• Probes of Lorentz Violation in Neutrino Propagation
• Fast time variations of supernova neutrino signals from 3-dimensional models

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• Limiting Superluminal Neutrino Velocity and Lorentz Invariance Violation by Neutrino Emission from the Blazar TXS 0506+056
• Phenomenological Effects of CPT and Lorentz Invariance Violation in Particle and Astroparticle Physics
• Improved Constraints on Anisotropic Birefringent Lorentz Invariance and CPT Violation from Broadband Optical Polarimetry of High Redshift Galaxies
• Supernova Neutrinos: flavour conversion mechanisms and new physics scenarios
• Neutrino flavour as a test of the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae
• Neutrinos as possible probes for quantum gravity
• Analyzing the time spectrum of supernova neutrinos to constrain their effective mass or Lorentz Invariance Violation