Classical Representation of a Quantum System at Equilibrium: Theory

Abstract

A quantum system at equilibrium is represented by a corresponding classical system, chosen to reproduce thermodynamic and structural properties. The motivation is to allow application of classical strong coupling theories and molecular dynamics simulation to quantum systems at strong coupling. The correspondence is made at the level of the grand canonical ensembles for the two systems. An effective temperature, local chemical potential, and pair potential are introduced to define the corresponding classical system. These are determined formally by requiring the equivalence of the grand potentials and their functional derivatives. Practical inversions of these formal definitions are indicated via the integral equations for densities and pair correlation functions of classical liquid theory. Application to the ideal Fermi gas is demonstrated, and the weak coupling form for the pair potential is given. In a companion paper two applications are described: the thermodynamics and structure of uniform jellium over a range of temperatures and densities, and the shell structure of harmonically bound charges.

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References in corpus (7)

• Temperature-dependent quantum pair potentials and their application to dense partially ionized hydrogen plasmas
• A simple classical mapping of the spin-polarized quantum electron gas: distribution functions and local field corrections
• Classical Representation of a Quantum System at Equilibrium: Applications
• Theoretical Description of Coulomb Balls - Fluid Phase
• Charge Correlations in a Harmonic Trap
• Classical Representation of a Quantum System at Equilibrium
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• Classical Representation of a Quantum System at Equilibrium: Applications
• The uniform electron gas at high temperatures: \emph{ab initio} path integral Monte Carlo simulations and analytical theory
• Kinetic energy functionals and the $N$-representability of the electron pair-density given by the classical map hyper-netted-chain (CHNC) method
• Correlation functions in electron-electron and electron-hole double quantum wells: Temperature, density and barrier-width dependence
• On the density-density correlations of the non-interacting finite temperature electron gas
• Finite Temperature Quantum Effects on Confined Charges