Relaxation oscillations, stability, and cavity feedback in a superradiant Raman laser

Abstract

We experimentally study the relaxation oscillations and amplitude stability properties of an optical laser operating deep into the bad-cavity regime using a laser-cooled ${}^{87}$Rb Raman laser. By combining measurements of the laser light field with nondemolition measurements of the atomic populations, we infer the response of the gain medium represented by a collective atomic Bloch vector. The results are qualitatively explained with a simple model. Measurements and theory are extended to include the effect of intermediate repumping states on the closed-loop stability of the oscillator and the role of cavity feedback on stabilizing or enhancing relaxation oscillations. This experimental study of the stability of an optical laser operating deep into the bad-cavity regime will guide future development of superradiant lasers with ultranarrow linewidths.

9 pages, 6 figures

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• Emergent dark states from superradiant dynamics in multilevel atoms in a cavity
• Phase Synchronization between Two Superradiant Lasers
• Supercooling of Atoms in an Optical Resonator
• Direct single-shot observation of millimeter wave superradiance in Rydberg-Rydberg transitions
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• Stability analysis for bad cavity lasers using inhomogeneously broadened spin-1/2 atoms as gain medium
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• Coupling atoms to cavities with narrow linewidth optical transitions: Applications to frequency metrology
• Correlations and linewidth of the atomic beam continuous superradiant laser
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• Non-equilibrium phase transition in a spin-1 Dicke model