Fluctuations of the vortex line density in turbulent flows of quantum fluids

Abstract

We present an analytical study of fluctuations of the Vortex Line Density (VLD) $<\delta \mathcal{L}(\omega )\delta \mathcal{L}(-\omega )>$ in turbulent flows of quantum fluids. Two cases are considered. The first one is the counterflowing (Vinen) turbulence, where the vortex lines are disordered, and the evolution of quantity $\mathcal{L}(t)$ obeys the Vinen equation. The second case is the quasi-classic turbulence, where vortex lines are believed to form the so called vortex bundles, and their dynamics is described by the HVBK equations. The latter case, is of a special interest, since a number of recent experiments demonstrate the ${\omega }^{-5/3}$ dependence for spectrum VLD, instead of ${\omega }^{1/3}$ law, typical for spectrum of vorticity. In nonstationary situation, in particular, in the fluctuating turbulent flow there is a retardation between the instantaneous value of the normal velocity and the quantity $\mathcal{L}$. This retardation tends to decrease in the accordance with the inner dynamics, which has a relaxation character. In both cases the relaxation dynamics of VLD is related to fluctuations of the relative velocity, however if for the Vinen case the rate of temporal change for $\mathcal{L}(t)$ is directly depends on $\delta {\mathbf{v}}_{ns}$, for the HVBK dynamics it depends on $\nabla \times \delta {\mathbf{v}}_{ns}$. As a result, for the disordered case the spectrum $<\delta \mathcal{L}(\omega )\delta \mathcal{L}(-\omega )>$ coincides with the spectrum ${\omega }^{-5/3}$. In the case of the bundle arrangement, the spectrum of the VLD varies (at different temperatures) from ${\omega }^{1/3}$ to ${\omega }^{-5/3}$ dependencies. This conclusion may serve as a basis for the experimental determination of what kind of the turbulence is implemented in different types of generation.

8 pages, 29 references

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Cited by in corpus (2)

• Detection of vortex coherent structures in superfluid turbulence
• Local measurement of vortex statistics in quantum turbulence