Electron spin resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in optically trapped nanodiamonds

Abstract

Using an optical tweezers apparatus, we demonstrate three-dimensional control of nanodiamonds in solution with simultaneous readout of ground-state electron-spin resonance (ESR) transitions in an ensemble of diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers. Despite the motion and random orientation of NV centers suspended in the optical trap, we observe distinct peaks in the measured ESR spectra qualitatively similar to the same measurement in bulk. Accounting for the random dynamics, we model the ESR spectra observed in an externally applied magnetic field to enable d.c. magnetometry in solution. We estimate the d.c. magnetic field sensitivity based on variations in ESR line shapes to be ~50 microTesla/Hz^1/2. This technique may provide a pathway for spin-based magnetic, electric, and thermal sensing in fluidic environments and biophysical systems inaccessible to existing scanning probe techniques.

29 pages, 13 figures for manuscript and supporting information

References in corpus (7)

• High-sensitivity diamond magnetometer with nanoscale resolution
• Scanning magnetic field microscope with a diamond single-spin sensor
• Magnetic field imaging with NV ensembles
• Optical properties of the nitrogen-vacancy singlet levels in diamond
• Realtime magnetic field sensing and imaging using a single spin in diamond
• Nanopositioning of a diamond nanocrystal containing a single NV defect center
• Near-field optical microscopy with a nanodiamond-based single photon tip

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• Diamond-based optical vector magnetometer
• Optimising optical tweezers experiments for magnetic resonance sensing with nanodiamonds
• Imaging Extracellular Protein Concentration with Nanoplasmonic Sensors