Quasiparticle scattering measurements of laminar and turbulent vortex flow in the spin-down of superfluid 3He-B

Abstract

The dynamics of quantized vortices is studied in superfluid 3He-B after a rapid stop of rotation. We use Andreev reflection of thermal excitations to monitor vortex motion with quartz tuning fork oscillators in two different experimental setups at temperatures below 0.2Tc. Deviations from ideal cylindrical symmetry in the flow environment cause the early decay to become turbulent. This is identified from a rapid initial overshoot in the vortex density above the value before the spin-down and its subsequent decay with a t^(-3/2) time dependence. The high polarization of the vortices along the rotation axis significantly suppresses the effective turbulent kinematic viscosity below the values reported for more homogeneous turbulence and leads to a laminar late-time response. The vortex dissipation down to T < 0.15Tc is determined from the precession frequency of the polarized vortex configuration. In the limit of vanishing normal component density, the laminar dissipation is found to approach a temperature-independent value, whose origin is currently under discussion.

arXiv comment8 pages, 5 figures

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• Rotating quantum wave turbulence
• Energy and angular momentum balance in wall-bounded superfluid turbulence
• Quantum turbulence in superfluids with wall-clamped normal component
• Mutual friction in superfluid ${}^3$He-B in the low-temperature regime
• A compact rotating dilution refrigerator
• Andreev reflection in rotating superfluid ${}^3$He-B
• Thermal Detection of Turbulent and Laminar Dissipation in Vortex Front Motion