Spintronic properties of one-dimensional electron gas in graphene armchair ribbons

Abstract

We have investigated, using effective mass approach (EMA), magnetic properties of a one-dimensional electron gas in graphene armchair ribbons when the electrons of occupy only the lowest conduction subband. We find that magnetic properties of the one-dimensional electron gas may depend sensitively on the width of the ribbon. For ribbon widths $L_x=3M{a}_0$, a critical point separates ferromagnetic and paramagnetic states while for $L_x=(3M+1)a_0$ paramagnetic state is stable ($M$ is an integer and $a_0$ is the length of the unit cell). These width-dependent properties are a consequence of eigenstates that have a subtle width-dependent mixture of $\mathbf{K}$ and ${\mathbf{K}}^{\prime }$ states, and can be understood by examining the wavefunction overlap that appears in the expression for the many-body exchange self-energy. Ferromagnetic and paramagnetic states may be used for spintronic purposes.

5 pages, 6 figures

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• Topological gap states of semiconducting armchair graphene ribbons
• Topological end states and Zak phase of rectangular armchair ribbon
• Resonant, non-resonant, and anomalous states of Dirac electrons in a parabolic well in the presence of magnetic fields
• Impurity cyclotron resonance of anomalous Dirac electrons in graphene
• Gap states and edge properties of rectangular graphene quantum dot in staggered potential