Constraints on short-range spin-dependent interactions from scalar spin-spin coupling in deuterated molecular hydrogen

Abstract

A comparison between existing measurements and calculations of the scalar spin-spin interaction (J-coupling) in deuterated molecular hydrogen (HD) yields stringent constraints on anomalous spin-dependent potentials between nucleons at the atomic scale ($\sim 1\mathring{\mathrm{A}}$). The dimensionless coupling constant $g_P^p{g}_P^N/4\pi$ associated with exchange of pseudoscalar (axion-like) bosons between nucleons is constrained to be less than $5\times 10^{-7}$ for boson masses in the range of $5\mathrm{keV}$. This represents improvement by a factor of about 100 over constraints placed by measurements of the dipole-dipole interaction in molecular ${\mathrm{H}}_2$. The dimensionless coupling constant $g_A^p{g}_A^N/4\pi$ associated with exchange of a heretofore undiscovered axial-vector boson between nucleons is constrained to be $g_A^p{g}_A^N/4\pi <2\times 10^{-19}$ for bosons of mass $\lesssim 1000\mathrm{eV}$, improving constraints at this distance scale by a factor of 100 for proton-proton couplings and more than 8 orders of magnitude for neutron-proton couplings. This limit is also a factor of 100 more stringent than recent constraints obtained for axial-vector couplings between electrons and nucleons obtained from comparison of measurements and calculations of hyperfine structure.

4 pages 2 figures

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