Categorical Tinkertoys for N=2 Gauge Theories

Abstract

In view of classification of the quiver 4d N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories, we discuss the characterization of the quivers with superpotential (Q,W) associated to a N=2 QFT which, in some corner of its parameter space, looks like a gauge theory with gauge group G. The basic idea is that the Abelian category rep(Q,W) of (finite-dimensional) representations of the Jacobian algebra $\mathbb{C}Q/(\partial W)$ should enjoy what we call the Ringel property of type G; in particular, rep(Q,W) should contain a universal `generic' subcategory, which depends only on the gauge group G, capturing the universality of the gauge sector. There is a family of 'light' subcategories ${\mathcal{L}}_{\lambda }\subset rep(Q,W)$, indexed by points $\lambda \in N$, where $N$ is a projective variety whose irreducible components are copies of ${\mathbb{P}}^1$ in one--to--one correspondence with the simple factors of G. In particular, for a Gaiotto theory there is one such family of subcategories, ${\mathcal{L}}_{\lambda \in N}$, for each maximal degeneration of the corresponding surface $\Sigma$, and the index variety $N$ may be identified with the degenerate Gaiotto surface itself: generic light subcategories correspond to cylinders, while closed-point subcategories to `fixtures' (spheres with three punctures of various kinds) and higher-order generalizations. The rules for `gluing' categories are more general that the geometric gluing of surfaces, allowing for a few additional exceptional N=2 theories which are not of the Gaiotto class.

142 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables

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