Observational constraints of the gravitational waves in the Brans-Dicke theory: Einstein frame and Jordan-Brans-Dicke frame

Abstract

We investigate the quantum origin of the primordial cosmological gravitational waves in the Brans-Dicke theory in the two conformally related frames, the Jordan-Brans-Dicke frame and the Einstein frame. We calculated the theoretical observable in both frames and we compared both with General Relativity. We compute the number of gravitons $N_k$ produced during inflation and the observables: power spectrum $P_T$, spectral index $n_T$ and energy density ${\Omega }_k$. The comparison shows that for the case of the particles number $N_k$ the results are the same in both frames and in General Relativity when the Brans-Dicke parameter is much bigger than unity. For the spectral index $n_T$ we show that it is possible to get a scale invariant perturbation in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke frame when $\omega \to \infty$ and in the Einstein frame when $\omega \to \pm \infty$. In both frames, the results found for the power spectrum $P_T$ and the energy density $\Omega$ show that the prefered values of $\omega$ are diferente from that that are found in the local tests.

23 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1102.0995

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