Critical velocity of a mobile impurity in one-dimensional quantum liquids
arXiv:1110.2788 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.207001
Abstract
We study the notion of superfluid critical velocity in one spatial dimension. It is shown that for heavy impurities with mass exceeding a critical mass , the dispersion develops periodic metastable branches resulting in dramatic changes of dynamics in the presence of an external driving force. In contrast to smooth Bloch Oscillations for , a heavy impurity climbs metastable branches until it reaches a branch termination point or undergoes a random tunneling event, both leading to an abrupt change in velocity and an energy loss. This is predicted to lead to a non-analytic dependence of the impurity drift velocity on small forces.
5 pages, 2 figures; New version with Supplemental Material (3 pages, 6 figures); Accepted to PRL
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