Millimeter multiplicity in DR21(OH): outflows, molecular cores and envelopes

Abstract

We present sensitive high angular resolution ($\sim$ 1$"$) millimeter continuum and line observations from the massive star forming region DR21(OH) located in the Cygnus X molecular cloud. Within the well-known dusty MM1-2 molecular cores, we report the detection of a new cluster of about ten compact continuum millimeter sources with masses between 5 and 24 M${}_{\odot }$, and sizes of a few thousands of astronomical units. These objects are likely to be large dusty envelopes surrounding massive protostars, some of them most probably driving several of the outflows that emanate from this region. Additionally, we report the detection of strong millimeter emission of formaldehyde (H${}_2$CO) and methanol (CH${}_3$OH) near 218 GHz as well as compact emission from the typical outflow tracers carbon monoxide and silicon monoxide (CO and SiO) toward this massive star-forming region. The H${}_2$CO and CH${}_3$OH emission is luminous ($\sim$ 10${}^{-4}$ L${}_{\odot }$), well resolved, and found along the collimated methanol maser outflow first identified at centimeter wavelengths and in the sources SMA6 and SMA7. Our observations suggest that this maser outflow might be energized by a millimeter source called SMA4 located in the MM2 dusty core. The CO and SiO emission traces some other collimated outflows that emanate from MM1-2 cores, and are not related with the low velocity maser outflow.

Accepted to ApJ

References in corpus (3)

• {Millimeter Multiplicity in NGC 6334 I and I(N)
• First Interferometric Images of the 36 GHz Methanol Masers in the DR21 Complex
• Compact Centimeter and Millimeter Sources in NGC 6334 I(N): OB Stars in the Making?

Cited by in corpus (27)

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• High-mass Star Formation through Filamentary Collapse and Clump-fed Accretion in G22
• Physical characteristics of bright Class I methanol masers
• The Dependence of Protostellar Luminosity on Environment in the Cygnus-X Star-Forming Complex
• Magnetic fields in the massive dense cores of DR21 filament: weakly magnetized cores in a strongly magnetized filament
• The chemistry of C3 & Carbon Chain Molecules in DR21(OH)
• Cloud-cloud collision in the DR 21 cloud as a trigger of massive star formation
• ALMA observations of the outflow from the Source I in the Orion-KL region
• HII regions and high-mass starless clump candidates II. Fragmentation and induced star formation at ~0.025 pc scale: An ALMA continuum study
• Multiple monopolar outflows driven by massive protostars in IRAS 18162-2048
• The JCMT BISTRO-2 Survey: Magnetic Fields of the Massive DR21 Filament
• The DR21(OH) Trident -- Resolving the Massive Ridge into Three Entangled Fibers As the Initial Condition of Cluster Formation
• From dusty filaments to massive stars: The case of NGC 7538 S
• The Zeeman Effect in the 44 GHz Class I Methanol Maser Line toward DR21(OH)
• The Herschel-HIFI view of mid-IR quiet massive protostellar objects
• Young Stellar Populations in MYStIX Star Forming Regions: Candidate Protostars
• Surveys of Clumps, Cores, and Condensations in the Cygnus X: II. Radio Properties of the Massive Dense Cores
• Kinetic temperature of massive star-forming molecular clumps measured with formaldehyde V. The massive filament DR21
• First Interstellar HCO${}^{+}$ Maser
• SMA line observations of the CH${}_3$OH-maser outflow in DR21(OH)
• The spatial correlation between CN line and dust continuum emitting regions in high-mass star-forming cloud
• Long-term variability of Class I methanol masers in the high mass star forming region DR21(OH)
• Spectral Survey of the Star Formation Region DR21OH in the 4 mm Wavelength Range
• Modelling carbon chain and complex organic molecules in the DR21(OH) clump