Resolvent Positive Linear Operators Exhibit the Reduction Phenomenon

Abstract

The spectral bound, s(a A + b V), of a combination of a resolvent positive linear operator A and an operator of multiplication V, was shown by Kato to be convex in b \in R. This is shown here, through an elementary lemma, to imply that s(a A + b V) is also convex in a > 0, and notably, \partial s(a A + b V) / \partial a <= s(A) when it exists. Diffusions typically have s(A) <= 0, so that for diffusions with spatially heterogeneous growth or decay rates, greater mixing reduces growth. Models of the evolution of dispersal in particular have found this result when A is a Laplacian or second-order elliptic operator, or a nonlocal diffusion operator, implying selection for reduced dispersal. These cases are shown here to be part of a single, broadly general, `reduction' phenomenon.

7 pages, 53 citations. v.3: added citations, corrections in introductory definitions. v.2: Revised abstract, more text, and details in new proof of Lindqvist's inequality

References in corpus (3)

• The Evolution of Dispersal in Random Environments and The Principle of Partial Control
• An Evolutionary Reduction Principle for Mutation Rates at Multiple Loci
• The Evolutionary Reduction Principle for Linear Variation in Genetic Transmission

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