Shear-Viscosity to Entropy-Density Ratio from Giant Dipole Resonances in Hot Nuclei

Abstract

The Green-Kubo relation and fluctuation-dissipation theorem are employed to calculate the shear viscosity $\eta$ of a finite hot nucleus directly from the width and energy of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) of this nucleus. The ratio $\eta /s$ of shear viscosity $\eta$ to entropy density $s$ is extracted from the experimental systematics of the GDR in copper, tin and lead isotopes at finite temperature $T$. These empirical results are then compared with the predictions by several independent models, as well as with almost model-independent estimations. Based on these results, it is concluded that the ratio $\eta /s$ in medium and heavy nuclei decreases with increasing temperature $T$ to reach $(1.3-4)\times \hslash /(4\pi k_B)$ at $T=$ 5 MeV.

Accepted in Physical Review C (28 pages, 4 figures, 49 references)

References in corpus (18)

• Experimental and Theoretical Challenges in the Search for the Quark Gluon Plasma: The STAR Collaboration's Critical Assessment of the Evidence from RHIC Collisions
• Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration
• Viscosity in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories from Black Hole Physics
• Quark Gluon Plasma an Color Glass Condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment
• The PHOBOS Perspective on Discoveries at RHIC
• Elliptic flow of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV
• Observation of a Centrality-Dependent Dijet Asymmetry in Lead-Lead Collisions at sqrt(S(NN))= 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC
• Nearly Perfect Fluidity: From Cold Atomic Gases to Hot Quark Gluon Plasmas
• Universailty of Low Energy Absorption Cross-sections for Black Holes
• Scaling Properties of the Giant Dipole Resonance Width in Hot Rotating nuclei
• Behavior of the giant-dipole resonance in ${}^{120}$Sn and ${}^{208}$Pb at high excitation energ
• Compilation of Giant Electric Dipole Resonances Built on Excited States
• Modified Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov at finite temperature
• Pairing effect on the giant dipole resonance width at low temperature
• The shear viscosity to entropy density ratio in finite nuclei
• Pairing within the self-consistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation at finite temperature
• Pairing Reentrance Phenomenon in Heated Rotating Nuclei in the Shell Model Monte Carlo Approach
• Rate of energy absorption for a driven chaotic cavity

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Critical behavior in the variation of GDR width at low temperature
• Determining the temperature in heavy-ion collisions with multiplicity distribution
• Constraining the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section from the width of nuclear giant dipole resonance
• Experimental Determination of $\eta$/$s$ for Finite Nuclear Matter
• Giant dipole resonance width as a probe for nuclear deformation at finite excitation
• Shear viscosity of nucleonic matter
• Thermal and transport properties in central heavy-ion reactions around a few hundred MeV/nucleon
• Giant dipole resonance in ${}^{201}$Tl at low temperature
• Iso-vector dipole resonance and shear viscosity in low energy heavy-ion collision
• Damping of giant dipole resonance in hot rotating nuclei
• Mean free path and shear viscosity in central ${}^{129}$Xe+${}^{119}$Sn collisions below 100 MeV/nucleon
• Pairing effect in thermal shape fluctuation model on the width of giant dipole resonance
• Giant dipole resonance in ${}^{88}$Mo from phonon damping model's strength functions averaged over temperature and angular momentum distributions
• Green-Kubo formula for Boltzmann and Fermi-Dirac statistics
• Examination of level density prescriptions in the interpretation of high energy gamma-ray spectra
• Temperature and density effects on the two-nucleon momentum correlation function from excited single nuclei
• Giant dipole resonance in highly excited nuclei
• Specific shear viscosity in hot rotating systems of paired fermions
• Thermal pairing and giant dipole resonance in highly excited nuclei