Sharkovskii order for non-wandering points

Abstract

For a map $f:I\to I$, a point $x\in I$ is periodic with period $p\in \mathbb{N}$ if $f^p(x)=x$ and $f^j(x)\ne x$ for all $0<j<p$. When $f$ is continuous and $I$ is an interval, a theorem due to Sharkovskii (\cite{BC}) states that there is an order in $\mathbb{N}$, say $⊲$, such that, if $f$ has a periodic point of period $p$ and $p⊲q$, then $f$ also has a periodic point of period $q$. In this work, we will see how an extension of this order $⊲$ to an ultrapower of the integer numbers yields a Sharkovskii-type result for non-wandering points of $f$.

9 pages