Achieving "Massive MIMO" Spectral Efficiency with a Not-so-Large Number of Antennas
arXiv:1107.3862 · doi:10.1109/TWC.2012.070912.111383
Abstract
The main focus and contribution of this paper is a novel network-MIMO TDD architecture that achieves spectral efficiencies comparable with "Massive MIMO", with one order of magnitude fewer antennas per active user per cell. The proposed architecture is based on a family of network-MIMO schemes defined by small clusters of cooperating base stations, zero-forcing multiuser MIMO precoding with suitable inter-cluster interference constraints, uplink pilot signals reuse across cells, and frequency reuse. The key idea consists of partitioning the users population into geographically determined "bins", such that all users in the same bin are statistically equivalent, and use the optimal network-MIMO architecture in the family for each bin. A scheduler takes care of serving the different bins on the time-frequency slots, in order to maximize a desired network utility function that captures some desired notion of fairness. This results in a mixed-mode network-MIMO architecture, where different schemes, each of which is optimized for the served user bin, are multiplexed in time-frequency. In order to carry out the performance analysis and the optimization of the proposed architecture in a clean and computationally efficient way, we consider the large-system regime where the number of users, the number of antennas, and the channel coherence block length go to infinity with fixed ratios. The performance predicted by the large-system asymptotic analysis matches very well the finite-dimensional simulations. Overall, the system spectral efficiency obtained by the proposed architecture is similar to that achieved by "Massive MIMO", with a 10-fold reduction in the number of antennas at the base stations (roughly, from 500 to 50 antennas).
arXiv commentFull version with appendice (proofs of theorems). A shortened version without appendice was submitted to IEEE Trans. on Wireless Commun. Appendix B was revised after submission
References in corpus (4)
- Multiuser MIMO Achievable Rates with Downlink Training and Channel State Feedback
- Asymptotic Performance of Linear Receivers in MIMO Fading Channels
- Multi-Cell MIMO Downlink with Cell Cooperation and Fair Scheduling: a Large-System Limit Analysis
- Multiuser MISO Transmitter Optimization for Inter-Cell Interference Mitigation
Cited by in corpus (34)
- Massive MIMO Systems with Non-Ideal Hardware: Energy Efficiency, Estimation, and Capacity Limits
- Large-Scale MIMO Detection for 3GPP LTE: Algorithms and FPGA Implementations
- Massive MIMO in Real Propagation Environments: Do All Antennas Contribute Equally?
- Performance Analysis of Massive MIMO for Cell-Boundary Users
- A Random Access Protocol for Pilot Allocation in Crowded Massive MIMO Systems
- Multi-User Holographic MIMO Surfaces: Channel Modeling and Spectral Efficiency Analysis
- Conjugate Gradient-based Soft-Output Detection and Precoding in Massive MIMO Systems
- Adaptive Video Streaming for Wireless Networks with Multiple Users and Helpers
- Covariance Matrix Estimation in Massive MIMO
- An Overview of Transmission Theory and Techniques of Large-scale Antenna Systems for 5G Wireless Communications
- Uplink Linear Receivers for Multi-cell Multiuser MIMO with Pilot Contamination: Large System Analysis
- Capacity Analysis for Spatially Non-wide Sense Stationary Uplink Massive MIMO Systems
- Performance Analysis and Location Optimization for Massive MIMO Systems with Circularly Distributed Antennas
- Fractional Pilot Reuse in Massive MIMO Systems
- RF Lens-Embedded Massive MIMO Systems: Fabrication Issues and Codebook Design
- Location-Aided Pilot Contamination Avoidance for Massive MIMO Systems
- Broadbeam for Massive MIMO Systems
- A Control-Theoretic Approach to Adaptive Video Streaming in Dense Wireless Networks
- A Distributed Approach to Interference Alignment in OFDM-based Two-tiered Networks
- Achieving Large Multiplexing Gain in Distributed Antenna Systems via Cooperation with pCell Technology
- Antenna Arrays for Line-of-Sight Massive MIMO: Half Wavelength is not Enough
- Adaptive Pilot Clustering in Heterogeneous Massive MIMO Networks
- Massive-MIMO Iterative Channel Estimation and Decoding (MICED) in the Uplink
- The Impact of Physical Channel on Performance of Subspace-Based Channel Estimation in Massive MIMO Systems
- Harvest the potential of massive MIMO with multi-layer techniques
- On the Required Number of Antennas in a Point-to-Point Large-but-Finite MIMO System: Outage-Limited Scenario
- 5G Massive MIMO Architectures: Self-Backhauled Small Cells versus Direct Access
- Selective Uplink Training for Massive MIMO Systems
- Green Power Control in Cognitive Wireless Networks
- Backing off from Infinity: Performance Bounds via Concentration of Spectral Measure for Random MIMO Channels
- Performance Analysis and Optimization of Network-Assisted Full-Duplex Systems under Low-Resolution ADCs
- Uplink Downlink Rate Balancing and throughput scaling in FDD Massive MIMO Systems
- Limited Feedback Massive MISO Systems with Trellis Coded Quantization for Correlated Channels
- Performance of Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems With Interference Decoding