Electron fractionalization and unconventional order parameters of the t-J model

Abstract

In the $t-J$ model, the electron fractionalization is unique due to the non-perturbative phase string effect. We formulated a lattice field theory taking this effect into full account. Basing on this field theory, we introduced a pair of Wilson loops which constitute a complete set of order parameters determining the phase diagram in the underdoped regime. We also established a general composition rule for electric transport expressing the electric conductivity in terms of the spinon and the holon conductivities. The general theory is applied to studies of the quantum phase diagram. We found that the antiferromagnetic and the superconducting phases are dual: in the former, holons are confined while spinons are deconfined, and {\it vice versa} in the latter. These two phases are separated by a novel phase, the so-called Bose-insulating phase, where both holons and spinons are deconfined and the system is electrically insulating.

19 pages, 4 figures, final version, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. B

References in corpus (11)

• "Deconfined" quantum critical points
• Quantum criticality beyond the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson paradigm
• A `checkerboard' electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca_{2-x}Na_{x}CuO_{2}Cl_{2}
• Putting competing orders in their place near the Mott transition
• Global phase diagrams of frustrated quantum antiferromagnets in two dimensions: doubled Chern-Simons theory
• Fermi surfaces and gauge-gravity duality
• On the sign structure of doped Mott insulators
• Emergence of Cooper pairs, d-wave duality and the phase diagram of cuprate superconductors
• Theory of inelastic scattering from quantum impurities
• Mutual-Chern-Simons effective theory of doped antiferromagnets
• Phase String Theory for Doped Antiferromagnets

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Symmetry-protected topological phases with charge and spin symmetries: response theory and dynamical gauge theory in 2D, 3D and the surface of 3D
• Composite Particle Theory of Three-dimensional Gapped Fermionic Phases: Fractional Topological Insulators and Charge-Loop Excitation Symmetry
• Low-Temperature Pseudogap Phenomenon: Precursor of High-$T_c$ Superconductivity
• Sign Structure, Electron Fractionalization, and Emergent Gauge Description of the Hubbard Model
• Mott physics, sign structure, ground state wavefunction, and high-Tc superconductivity
• Modern Physics of the Condensed State: Strong Correlations and Quantum Topology
• Topological nature of Hubbard bands in strongly correlated systems
• Superconductivity in Mutual Chern-Simons Gauge Theory
• Topological states in strongly correlated systems
• Quantum topological transitions and spinons in metallic ferro- and antiferromagnets
• Thermal Hall Effect and Neutral Spinons in a Doped Mott Insulator
• Hubbard bands, Mott transition and deconfinement in strongly correlated systems
• Two-band model and RVB-type states: application to Kondo lattices, pyrochlores and Mn-based systems
• Monopoles, confinement and charge localization in the t-J model with dilute holes
• Mottness, Phase String, and High-$T_c$ Superconductivity
• Electric transport in doped Mott insulators dictated by a non-Ioffe-Larkin composition rule and spinons
• Bilayer, hydrogenated and fluorinated graphene: QED vs SU(2) QCD theory
• Spin-Charge Soldering from Tensor Higgs mechanism
• An Emergent World of Gauge Force and Partons