Spacetime averaging of exotic singularity universes

Abstract

Taking a spacetime average as a measure of the strength of singularities we show that big-rips (type I) are stronger than big-bangs. The former have infinite spacetime averages while the latter have them equal to zero. The sudden future singularities (type II) and $w-$singularities (type V) have finite spacetime averages. The finite scale factor (type III) singularities for some values of the parameters may have an infinite average and in that sense they may be considered stronger than big-bangs.

5 pages, no figures, REVTEX4-1, minor improvements

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• Non-exotic conformal structure of weak exotic singularities
• De-Sitter-spacetime instability from a nonstandard vector field
• Finite time pseudo-rip singularity in cosmology