A Spectroscopic Method to Measure the Superfluid Fraction of an Ultracold Atomic Gas

Abstract

We perform detailed analytical and numerical studies of a recently proposed method for a spectroscopic measurement of the superfluid fraction of an ultracold atomic gas [N. R. Cooper and Z. Hadzibabic, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 030401 (2010)]. Previous theoretical work is extended by explicitly including the effects of non-zero temperature and interactions, and assessing the quantitative accuracy of the proposed measurement for a one-component Bose gas. We show that for suitably chosen experimental parameters the method yields an experimentally detectable signal and a sufficiently accurate measurement. This is illustrated by explicitly considering two key examples: First, for a weakly interacting three-dimensional Bose gas it reproduces the expected result that below the critical temperature the superfluid fraction closely follows the condensate fraction. Second, it allows a clear quantitative differentiation of the superfluid and the condensate density in a strongly interacting Bose gas.

References in corpus (4)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Observation of persistent flow of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a toroidal trap
• A Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Uniform Light-induced Vector Potential
• Effective magnetic fields in degenerate atomic gases induced by light beams with orbital angular momenta

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Quantum fluids of light
• Superfluidity and Quantum Geometry in Twisted Multilayer Systems
• Line of Dirac monopoles embedded in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Superfluidity in the 1D Bose-Hubbard Model
• Quantum oscillations in ultracold Fermi gases : realizations with rotating gases or artificial gauge fields
• Non-equilibrium and local detection of the normal fraction of a trapped two-dimensional Bose gas
• Probing ultracold Fermi gases with light-induced gauge potentials
• Moiré Superradiance in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics with Quantum Atom Gas