Population study for gamma-ray pulsars with the outer gap model

Abstract

Inspired by increase of population of $\gamma$-ray emitting pulsars by the $Fermi$ telescope, we perform a population study for $\gamma$-ray emitting canonical pulsars. We use a Monte-Carlo technique to simulate the Galactic population of neutron stars and the radio pulsars. For each simulated neutron star, we consider the $\gamma$-ray emission from the outer gap accelerator in the magnetosphere. In our outer gap model, we apply the gap closure mechanism proposed by Takata et al., in which both photon-photon pair-creation and magnetic pair-creation processes are considered. Simulating the sensitivities of previous major radio surveys, our simulation predicts that there are $\sim 18-23$ radio loud and $\sim 26-34$ $\gamma$-ray-selected $\gamma$-ray pulsars, which can be detected with a $\gamma$-ray flux $F_{\gamma }\ge 10^{-10}erg/c{\mathrm{m}}^2\mathrm{s}$. Applying the sensitivity of the six-month observation of the $Fermi$ telescope, 40-61 radio-selected and 36-75 $\gamma$-ray selected pulsars are detected within our simulation. We show that the distributions of various pulsar parameters for the simulated $\gamma$-ray pulsars can be consistent with the observed distribution of the $\gamma$-ray pulsars detected by the $Fermi$ telescope. We also predict that $\sim 64$ radio-loud and $\sim 340$ $\gamma$-ray-selected pulsars irradiate the Earth with a flux $F_{\gamma }\ge 10^{-11}erg/c{\mathrm{m}}^2\mathrm{s}$, and most of those $\gamma$-ray pulsars are distributing with a distance more than 1~kpc and a flux $F_{\gamma }\sim 10^{-11}erg/c{\mathrm{m}}^2\mathrm{s}$. The ration between the radio-selected and $\gamma$-ray-selected pulsars depend on the sensitivity of the radio surveys. We also discuss the Galactic distribution of the unidentified $Fermi$ sources and the canonical $\gamma$-ray pulsars.

45 page, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (10)

• The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
• Detection of 16 Gamma-Ray Pulsars Through Blind Frequency Searches Using the Fermi LAT
• Observation of Pulsed Gamma-rays Above 25 GeV from the Crab Pulsar with MAGIC
• High-Altitude Emission from Pulsar Slot Gaps: The Crab Pulsar
• Fermi LAT Observations of the Vela Pulsar
• Population synthesis of radio and gamma-ray millisecond pulsars from the Galactic disk
• Outer-gap vs. Slot-gap Models for Pulsar High Energy Emissions: The Case of the Crab Pulsar
• Pulse Profiles, Spectra and Polarization Characteristics of Non-Thermal Emissions from the Crab-Like Pulsars
• Magnetic Field Evolution in Neutron Stars: One-Dimensional Multi-Fluid Model
• Gamma-ray spectral properties of mature pulsars: a two-layer model

Cited by in corpus (21)

• The soft gamma-ray pulsar population: an high-energy overview
• Light-curve modelling constraints on the obliquities and aspect angles of the young Fermi pulsars
• Gamma-ray pulsars: a gold mine
• Discovery of an unidentified Fermi object as a black widow-like millisecond pulsar
• X-ray and Gamma-ray Emissions from Different Evolutionary Stage of Rotation Powered Millisecond Pulsars
• Constraining gamma-ray pulsar gap models with a simulated pulsar population
• The Galactic population and properties of young, highly-energetic pulsars
• Obliquely rotating pulsars: screening of the inductive electric field
• Three-dimensional non-vacuum pulsar outer-gap model: Localized acceleration electric field in the higher altitudes
• Young and middle age pulsar light-curve morphology: Comparison of Fermi observations with gamma-ray and radio emission geometries
• An assessment of the pulsar outer gap model. I: Assumptions, uncertainties, and implications for the gap size and the accelerating field
• Population study for gamma-ray pulsars: (III) Radiation characteristics and viewing geometry
• Radio absorption in high-mass gamma-ray binaries
• Modeling the non-recycled Fermi gamma-ray pulsar population
• Differences between radio-loud and radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars as revealed by Fermi
• Population study for gamma-ray pulsars; II Millisecond pulsars
• Multi-wavelength emission region of gamma-ray emitting pulsars
• Prediction of radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsar distances using the Fundamental Plane relation
• Glitches in four gamma-ray pulsars and inferences on the neutron star structure
• The Galactic population of canonical pulsars
• Pulsar electrodynamics revisited