Imprints of the QCD Phase Transition on the Spectrum of Gravitational Waves

Abstract

We have investigated effects of the QCD phase transition on the relic GW spectrum applying several equations of state for the strongly interacting matter: Besides the bag model, which describes a first order transition, we use recent data from lattice calculations featuring a crossover. Finally, we include a short period of inflation during the transition which allows for a first order phase transition at finite baryon density. Our results show that the QCD transition imprints a step into the spectrum of GWs. Within the first two scenarios, entropy conservation leads to a step-size determined by the relativistic degrees of freedom before and after the transition. The inflation of the third scenario much stronger attenuates the high-frequency modes: An inflationary model being consistent with observation entails suppression of the spectral energy density by a factor of ~10^(-12).

11 pages, 13 figures

References in corpus (4)

• The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks
• Gravitational Wave Production by Collisions: More Bubbles
• Equation of state and QCD transition at finite temperature
• Detectability of Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Energy release from hadron-quark phase transition in neutron stars and the axial $w$-mode of gravitational waves