The underdoped cuprates as fractionalized Fermi liquids: transition to superconductivity

Abstract

We model the underdoped cuprates using fermions moving in a background with local antiferromagnetic order. The antiferromagnetic order fluctuates in orientation, but not in magnitude, so that there is no long-range antiferromagnetism, but a 'topological' order survives. The normal state is described as a fractionalized Fermi liquid (FL*), with electron-like quasiparticles coupled to the fractionalized excitations of the fluctuating antiferromagnet. The electronic quasiparticles reside near pocket Fermi surfaces enclosing total area x (the dopant density), centered away from the magnetic Brillouin zone boundary. The violation of the conventional Luttinger theorem is linked to a 'species doubling' of these quasiparticles. We describe phenomenological theories of the pairing of these quasiparticles, and show that a large class of mean-field theories generically displays a nodal-anti-nodal `dichotomy': the interplay of local antiferromagnetism and pairing leads to a small gap near the nodes of the d-wave pairing along the Brillouin zone diagonals, and a large gap in the anti-nodal region.

27 pages, 8 figures; (v2) added refs; (v3) added refs

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Cited by in corpus (20)

• Fermi surfaces and gauge-gravity duality
• Density-wave instabilities of fractionalized Fermi liquids
• Fermi surface reconstruction in hole-doped t-J models without long-range antiferromagnetic order
• Higgs criticality in a two-dimensional metal
• Antiferromagnetism in metals: from the cuprate superconductors to the heavy fermion materials
• Electronic spectra with paramagnon fractionalization in the single band Hubbard model
• Small to large Fermi surface transition in a single band model, using randomly coupled ancillas
• Stripes and electronic quasiparticles in the pseudogap state of cuprate superconductors
• Spin density wave, Fermi liquid, and fractionalized phases in a theory of antiferromagnetic metals using paramagnons and bosonic spinons
• Emergence of nodal Bogoliubov quasiparticles across the transition from the pseudogap metal to the d-wave superconductor
• Deconfined quantum criticality of nodal $d$-wave superconductivity, Néel order, and charge order on the square lattice at half-filling
• Feshbach hypothesis of high-Tc superconductivity in cuprates
• Interpreting Angle Dependent Magnetoresistance in Layered Materials: Application to Cuprates
• Interleaved bond frustration in a triangular lattice antiferromagnet
• Fractionalized Fermi liquids and the cuprate phase diagram
• Spin-charge bound states and emerging fermions in a quantum spin liquid
• Geometric orthogonal metals: Hidden antiferromagnetism and pseudogap from fluctuating stripes
• Frustration and chirality in three-dimensional trillium lattices: Insights and Perspectives
• Fractionalized Superconductivity Mediated by Majorana Fermions in the Kitaev-Kondo Lattice
• Emergent Chiral Metal near a Kondo Breakdown Quantum Phase Transition