Spatiotemporal evolution of polaronic states in finite quantum systems

Abstract

We study the quantum dynamics of small polaron formation and polaron transport through finite quantum structures in the framework of the one-dimensional Holstein model with site-dependent potentials and interactions. Combining Lanczos diagonalization with Chebyshev moment expansion of the time evolution operator, we determine how different initial states, representing stationary ground states or injected wave packets, after an electron-phonon interaction quench, develop in real space and time. Thereby, the full quantum nature and dynamics of electrons and phonons is preserved. We find that the decay out of the initial state sensitively depends on the energy and momentum of the incoming particle, the electron-phonon coupling strength, and the phonon frequency, whereupon bound polaron-phonon excited states may emerge in the strong-coupling regime. The tunneling of a Holstein polaron through a quantum wall/dot is generally accompanied by strong phonon number fluctuations due to phonon emission and re-absorption processes.

13 pages, 15 figures, final version

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• Mechanism of Ultrafast Relaxation of a Photo-Carrier in Antiferromagnetic Spin Background
• Real-time decay of a highly excited charge carrier in the one-dimensional Holstein model
• Matrix-product-state method with a dynamical local basis optimization for bosonic systems out of equilibrium
• Charge-density-wave melting in the one-dimensional Holstein model
• Time-linear scaling NEGF methods for real-time simulations of interacting electrons and bosons. I. Formalism
• Dissociation of a Hubbard--Holstein bipolaron driven away from equilibrium by a constant electric field
• Coexistence of excited polarons and metastable delocalized states in photo-induced metals
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• Quantum dynamics of the small-polaron formation in a superconducting analog simulator
• Charge and spin correlations of a Peierls insulator after a quench
• Scattering of an electronic wave packet by a one-dimensional electron-phonon-coupled structure
• Polaron catastrophe within quantum acoustics