Critical quench dynamics in confined systems

Abstract

We analyze the coherent quantum evolution of a many-particle system after slowly sweeping a power-law confining potential. The amplitude of the confining potential is varied in time along a power-law ramp such that the many-particle system finally reaches or crosses a critical point. Under this protocol we derive general scaling laws for the density of excitations created during the non-adiabatic sweep of the confining potential. It is found that the mean excitation density follows an algebraic law as a function of the sweeping rate with an exponent that depends on the space-time properties of the potential. We confirm our scaling laws by first order adiabatic calculation and exact results on the Ising quantum chain with a varying transverse field.

To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett

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• Full Counting Statistics of Topological Defects After Crossing a Phase Transition
• Inhomogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism: vortex nucleation during Bose-Einstein condensation
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