Self-organization in He4 near the superfluid transition in heat flow and gravity

Abstract

We investigate the nonlinear dynamics of He4 slightly below the superffluid transition by integrating model F equations in three dimensions. When heated from above under gravity, a vortex tangle and a sheetlike phase slip are generated near the bottom plate. Then a self-organized superfluid containing high-density vortices and phase slips grows upward into an ordinary superfluid. The thermal resistance due to these defects produces a constant temperature gradient equal to the gradient of the pressure-dependent transition temperature $T_{\lambda }(p)$. In this self-organized region, the temperature deviation $T-T_{\lambda }(p)$ consists of a negative constant independent of the height and time-dependent fluctuations. Its time-average is calculated in good agreement with the experimental value (W.A. Moeur {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2421 (1997)).

8 pages, 7 figures

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• Dissipation in Quasi One-Dimensional Superconducting Single-Crystal Sn Nanowires
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Cited by in corpus (1)

• Renormalization-group calculation of the superfluid/normal-fluid interface of liquid 4He in gravity near T_lambda