Abundances of C, N, Sr and Ba on the red giant branch of omega Centauri

Abstract

Abundances relative to iron for carbon, nitrogen, strontium and barium are presented for 33 stars on the red giant branch of the globular cluster omega Centauri. They are based on intermediate-resolution spectroscopic data covering the blue spectral region analyzed using spectrum synthesis techniques. The data reveal the existence of a broad range in the abundances of these elements, and a comparison with similar data for main sequence stars enables insight into the evolutionary history of the cluster. The majority of the red giant branch stars were found to be depleted in carbon, i.e. [C/Fe]<0, while [N/Fe] for the same stars shows a range of ~1 dex, from [N/Fe]~0.7 to 1.7 dex. The strontium-to-iron abundance ratios varied from solar to mildly enhanced (0.0<=[Sr/Fe]<=0.8), with [Ba/Fe] generally equal to or greater than [Sr/Fe]. The carbon and nitrogen abundance ratios for the one known CH star in the sample, ROA 279, are [C/Fe]=0.6 and [N/Fe]=0.5 dex. Evidence for evolutionary mixing on the red giant branch is found from the fact that the relative carbon abundances on the main sequence are generally higher than those on the red giant branch. However, comparison of the red giant branch and main sequence samples shows that the upper level of nitrogen enhancement is similar in both sets at [N/Fe]~2.0dex. This is most likely the result of primordial rather than evolutionary mixing processes. One red giant branch star, ROA 276, was found to have Sr and Ba abundance ratios. High resolution spectra of ROA 276 were obtained with the Magellan Telescope/MIKE spectrograph combination to confirm this result, revealing that ROA 276 is indeed an unusual star. For this star calculations of the depletion effect strongly suggest that the observed Sr enhancement in ROA 276 is of primordial origin, rather than originating from a surface accretion event.

20 pages, 13 figures, Accepted to ApJ

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• Spitzer spectra of evolved stars in omega Centauri and their low-metallicity dust production
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• Homogeneous Analysis of Globular Clusters from the APOGEE Survey with the BACCHUS Code $-$ III. $\omega$ Cen
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• Fluorine Abundances in the Globular Cluster M 4
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