Outflow - Core Interaction in Barnard 1

Abstract

In order to study how outflows from protostars influence the physical and chemical conditions of the parent molecular cloud, we have observed Barnard 1 (B1) main core, which harbors four Class 0 and three Class I sources, in the CO (J=1-0), CH3OH (J_K=2_K-1_K), and the SiO (J=1-0) lines using the Nobeyama 45 m telescope. We have identified three CO outflows in this region; one is an elongated (~ 0.3 pc) bipolar outflow from a Class 0 protostar B1-c in the submillimeter clump SMM 2, another is a rather compact (~ 0.1 pc) outflow from a Class I protostar B1 IRS in the clump SMM 6, and the other is an extended outflow from a Class I protostar in SMM 11. In the western lobe of the SMM 2 outflow, both the SiO and CH3OH lines show broad redshifted wings with the terminal velocities of 25 km/s and 13 km/s, respectively. It is likely that the shocks caused by the interaction between the outflow and ambient gas enhance the abundance of SiO and CH3OH in the gas phase. The total energy input rate by the outflows (1.1x10^{-3} Lsun) is smaller than the energy loss rate (8.5x10^{-3} Lsun$) through the turbulence decay in B1 main core, which suggests that the outflows can not sustain the turbulence in this region. Since the outflows are energetic enough to compensate the dissipating turbulence energy in the neighboring, more evolved star forming region NGC 1333, we suggest that the turbulence energy balance depends on the evolutionary state of the star formation in molecular clouds.

34 pages, 8 figures, accepted for the publication in ApJ

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• The COMPLETE Survey of Outflows in Perseus
• Nitrogen isotopic ratios in Barnard 1: a consistent study of the N2H+, NH3, CN, HCN and HNC isotopologues
• Gas phase Elemental abundances in Molecular cloudS (GEMS). II. On the quest for the sulphur reservoir in molecular clouds: the $H_{2}S$ case
• Ionization fraction and the enhanced sulfur chemistry in Barnard 1
• Two Extreme Young Objects in Barnard 1-b
• CARMA Large Area Star Formation Survey: Project Overview with Analysis of Dense Gas Structure and Kinematics in Barnard 1
• Do siblings always form and evolve simultaneously? Testing the coevality of multiple protostellar systems through SEDs
• Star Formation and Feedback: A Molecular Outflow-Prestellar Core Interaction in L1689N
• Fine-tuning the complex organic molecule formation: sulfur and CO ice as regulators of surface chemistry