Cold and Ultracold Rydberg Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields

Abstract

Cold Rydberg atoms exposed to strong magnetic fields possess unique properties which open the pathway for an intriguing many-body dynamics taking place in Rydberg gases consisting of either matter or anti-matter systems. We review both the foundations and recent developments of the field in the cold and ultracold regime where trapping and cooling of Rydberg atoms have become possible. Exotic states of moving Rydberg atoms such as giant dipole states are discussed in detail, including their formation mechanisms in a strongly magnetized cold plasma. Inhomogeneous field configurations influence the electronic structure of Rydberg atoms, and we describe the utility of corresponding effects for achieving tightly trapped ultracold Rydberg atoms. We review recent work on large, extended cold Rydberg gases in magnetic fields and their formation in strongly magnetized ultracold plasmas through collisional recombination. Implications of these results for current antihydrogen production experiments are pointed out, and techniques for trapping and cooling of such atoms are investigated.

46 pages, 38 figures, to appear in Physics Reports

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• Cross Section for Rydberg Antihydrogen Production via Charge Exchange Between Rydberg Positronium and Antiprotons in Magnetic Field
• Rydberg atom formation in strongly correlated ultracold plasmas
• Intracavity Rydberg atom electromagnetically induced transparency using a high finesse optical cavity
• Quantum simulators based on the global collective light-matter interaction
• Emergent Bloch oscillations in a kinetically constrained Rydberg spin lattice
• Rydberg Aggregates
• Ultralong-range polyatomic Rydberg molecules formed by a polar perturber
• Bond Order via Light-Induced Synthetic Many-body Interactions of Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Interelectronic-interaction contribution to the nonlinear Zeeman effect in boronlike ions
• Dynamic trapping near a quantum critical point
• Continuously tunable single-photon level nonlinearity with Rydberg state wave-function engineering
• de Haas van Alphen oscillations for neutral atoms in electric fields
• The effect of orientation of Rydberg atoms on their collisional ionization cross section
• Observation of the motional Stark shift in low magnetic fields
• Tracking a nonrelativistic charge with an array of Rydberg atoms
• Single Qudit Control in ${}^{87}$Sr via Optical Nuclear Electric Resonance
• Nonequilibrium dark space phase transition