Two-color quark matter: U(1)_A restoration, superfluidity, and quarkyonic phase

Abstract

We discuss the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with two colors and two flavors of light quarks. This is motivated by the increasing interest in the QCD phase diagram as follows: (1) The QCD critical point search has been under intensive dispute and its location and existence suffer from uncertainty of effective U(1)_A symmetry restoration. (2) A new phase called quarkyonic matter is drawing theoretical and experimental attention but it is not clear whether it can coexist with diquark condensation. We point out that two-color QCD is nontrivial enough to contain essential ingredients for (1) and (2) both, and most importantly, is a system without the sign problem in numerical simulations on the lattice. We adopt the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model extended with the two-color Polyakov loop and make quantitative predictions which can be tested by lattice simulations.

14 pages, REVTeX4, 12 eps figures; v2: version published in Phys. Rev. D; v3: an error in the Appendix fixed, Fig. 9 modified accordingly

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• A (1+1) dimensional example of Quarkyonic matter
• Peaks of sound velocity in two color dense QCD: quark saturation effects and semishort range correlations
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• Gluon propagator in two-color dense QCD: Massive Yang-Mills approach at one-loop
• QCD-like theories at nonzero temperature and density
• Dense two-color QCD from Dyson-Schwinger equations
• Quark-Hadron Matter at Finite Temperature and Density in a Two-Color PNJL model
• Effects of Dense Quark Matter on Gluon Propagators in Lattice QC${}_2$D
• Thermodynamics and phase diagrams of Polyakov-loop extended chiral models
• The Myriad Uses of Instantons
• Two-color QCD in a strong magnetic field: The role of the Polyakov loop
• Thermal quarks and gluon propagators in two-color dense QCD
• Phase structure and propagators at nonvanishing temperature for QCD and QCD-like theories
• Phase structure of two-color QCD at real and imaginary chemical potentials; lattice simulations and model analyses
• BCS-BEC crossover in relativistic Fermi systems
• Influence of chiral asymmetry on phase structure of the two-color quark matter
• Probing the hadron mass spectrum in dense two-color QCD with the linear sigma model
• Themodynamics for pure SU($2$) gauge theory using gradient flow
• Masses of vector bosons in two-color dense QCD based on the hidden local symmetry
• Two-color QCD at imaginary chemical potential and its impact on real chemical potential
• Effects of entanglement and instanton suppression at finite temperature in a SU(2) EPNJL model with anomaly
• Deconfinement vs. chiral symmetry and higher representation matter
• Fluctuation-induced higher-derivative couplings and infrared dynamics of the Quark-Meson-Diquark Model
• Interplay between chiral and axial symmetries in a SU(2) Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model with the Polyakov loop
• A quarksonic matter at high isospin density
• Finite-Density Massless Two-Color QCD at Isospin Roberge-Weiss Point and 't Hooft Anomaly
• Confronting effective models for deconfinement in dense quark matter with lattice data
• Anomaly and a QCD-like phase diagram with massive bosonic baryons
• Chiral effective model of cold and dense two-color QCD: The linear sigma model approach
• The phase structure of two color QCD and charged pion condensation phenomenon
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• Speed of sound peak in two-color dense QCD: confronting effective models with lattice data
• Colored-hadron distribution in hadron scattering in SU(2) lattice QCD
• Roles of $U(1)$ axial anomaly effects in cold and dense two-color QCD with $2+2$ flavors
• Pairing fluctuation effects in a strongly coupled color superfluid/superconductor
• Model studies of the chiral and deconfinement transitions in QCD
• Phase diagram of dense quark matter in QCD-like theories
• Thermal quarks and Polyakov loops in two-color dense QCD