Bounds on the Parameter of Noncommutativity from Supernova SN1987A

Abstract

We consider supernova SN1987A to find bounds on parameter of noncommutativity, ${þ}_{\mu \nu }$. Right handed neutrino in the noncommutative standard model, NCSM, can directly couple to the photon and the Z-gauge boson. Therefore the observed flux of neutrinos from SN1987A can constrain the strength of the new couplings in the NCSM. We obtain two bounds on the NC-parameter, ${\Lambda }_{NC}=1/\sqrt{|}þ|$, with respect to escaping or trapping of the right handed neutrinos inside the supernova which are ${\Lambda }_{NC}\gtrsim 3.7TeV$ or ${\Lambda }_{NC}\lesssim 1TeV$, respectively. The excluded region $1TeV\lesssim {\Lambda }_{NC}\lesssim 3.7TeV$ for the NC-parameter is obtained for the first time. In fact ${\Lambda }_{NC}\lesssim 1TeV$ is consistent with the existing bounds on ${\Lambda }_{NC}$ and raises our hopes to find the NC-effects in the LHC or even in the LEP. Meanwhile ${\Lambda }_{NC}\gtrsim 3.7TeV$ is more stringent than the other bounds obtained from LEP and LHC considerations. Furthermore, since NC-calculations are perturbative and are correct only up to the energy scale of the NC-system $\lesssim {\Lambda }_{NC}$, therefore these bounds which are obtained from the energy scale considerably less than the energy scale of LEP and LHC are more reliable.

7 pages, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D

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