An expanding 4D universe in a 5D Kaluza-Klein cosmology with higher dimensional matter

Abstract

In the framework of Kaluza-Klein theory, we investigate a $(4+1)$-dimensional universe consisting of a $(4+1)$ dimensional Robertson-Walker type metric coupled with a $(4+1)$ dimensional energy-momentum tensor. The matter part consists of an energy density together with a pressure subject to 4D part of the $(4+1)$ dimensional energy-momentum tensor. The dark part consists of just a dark pressure $\bar{p}$, corresponding to the extra-dimension endowed by a scalar field, with no element of dark energy. It is shown that the reduced Einstein field equations are free of 4D pressure and are just affected by an effective pressure produced by the 4D energy density and dark pressure. It is then proposed that the expansion of the universe may be controlled by the equation of state in higher dimension rather than four dimensions. This may account for the emergence of unexpected current acceleration in the middle of matter dominant era.

10 pages, minor revision

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• Interacting Tsallis holographic dark energy in higher dimensional Cosmology
• Statefinder Parameters for Different Dark Energy Models with Variable G Correction in Kaluza-Klein Cosmology
• Anisotropic evolution of 5D Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime
• Interacting Holographic Generalized Chaplygin Gas in compact Kaluza-Klein cosmology
• Inhomogeneities in dusty universe - a possible alternative to dark energy?
• Anisotropic evolution of D-dimensional FRW spacetime