Gluonic vacuum, q-theory, and the cosmological constant

Abstract

In previous work, q-theory was introduced to describe the gravitating macroscopic behavior of a conserved microscopic variable q. In this article, the gluon condensate of quantum chromodynamics is considered in terms of q-theory. The remnant vacuum energy density (i.e., cosmological constant) of an expanding universe is estimated as K_{QCD}^3 / E_{Planck}^2, with string tension K_{QCD} \approx (10^2 MeV)^2 and gravitational scale E_{Planck} \approx 10^{19} GeV. The only input for this estimate is general relativity, quantum chromodynamics, and the Hubble expansion of the present Universe.

20 pages; v6: published version

References in corpus (21)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• New Hubble Space Telescope Discoveries of Type Ia Supernovae at z > 1: Narrowing Constraints on the Early Behavior of Dark Energy
• Chameleon Cosmology
• Chandra Cluster Cosmology Project III: Cosmological Parameter Constraints
• QCD forces and heavy quark bound states
• Constraining f(R) Gravity as a Scalar Tensor Theory
• f(R) Gravity and Chameleon Theories
• Non-linear electrodynamics and the acceleration of the universe
• A cosmological constant from the QCD trace anomaly?
• Self-tuning vacuum variable and cosmological constant
• Coulomb gauge gluon propagator and the Gribov formula
• Dynamic vacuum variable and equilibrium approach in cosmology
• Lattice Coulomb Hamiltonian and Static Color-Coulomb Field
• Homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies with nonlinear electromagnetic radiation
• Supernova constraints on decaying vacuum cosmology
• Evolution of density perturbations in decaying vacuum cosmology
• Evolution of density perturbations in decaying vacuum cosmology: The case of non-zero perturbations in the cosmological term
• f(R) Cosmology from q-Theory
• Equilibrium boundary conditions, dynamic vacuum energy, and the Big Bang
• Vacuum Energy, EoS, and the Gluon Condensate at Finite Baryon Density in QCD

Cited by in corpus (62)

• Cosmological constant and vacuum energy: old and new ideas
• Hubble expansion & Structure Formation in Time Varying Vacuum Models
• Dark Energy and QCD Ghost
• Dynamical vacuum energy in the expanding Universe confronted with observations: a dedicated study
• The cosmological constant from the ghost. A toy model
• The QCD nature of Dark Energy
• Notes on Ghost Dark Energy
• Cosmological constant, violation of cosmological isotropy and CMB
• Vacuum models with a linear and a quadratic term in H: structure formation and number counts analysis
• Entropic-force dark energy reconsidered
• From confinement to dark energy
• Topological Susceptibility and Contact Term in QCD. A Toy Model
• A cosmological concordance model with dynamical vacuum term
• Entropy, Contact Interaction with Horizon and Dark Energy
• The cosmological constant as a manifestation of the conformal anomaly?
• Background history and cosmic perturbations for a general system of self-conserved dynamical dark energy and matter
• Cosmological constant from quarks and torsion
• Cosmic perturbations with running G and Lambda
• Observational tests of non-adiabatic Chaplygin gas
• Dark Energy from graviton-mediated interactions in the QCD vacuum
• Trace Anomaly, Massless Scalars and the Gravitational Coupling of QCD
• Dynamical system analysis of interacting models
• Observational tests for Λ(t)CDM cosmology
• Reconstruction of modified gravity with ghost dark energy models
• Non-adiabatic perturbations in decaying vacuum cosmology
• Statefinder diagnosis and the interacting ghost model of dark energy
• Towards a solution of the cosmological constant problem
• Quantum vacuum, dark matter, dark energy and spontaneous supersymmetry breaking
• Ghost dark energy in $f(R)$ model of gravity
• On dark degeneracy and interacting models
• Inflaton as an auxiliary topological field in a QCD-like system
• Vacuum energy density kicked by the electroweak crossover
• Vacuum Energy as the Origin of the Gravitational Constant
• Boson mixing and flavor vacuum in the expanding Universe: a possible candidate for the dark energy
• Dimensionless physics
• On vacuum density, the initial singularity and dark energy
• Casimir scaling in gauge theories with a gap. Deformed QCD as a toy model
• Brane realization of q-theory and the cosmological constant problem
• QCD ghost dark energy cannot (even roughly) explain the main features of the accepted cosmological paradigm
• Ghost Dark Energy Model in f(G) Gravity
• Baryonic matter perturbations in decaying vacuum cosmology
• Dynamics of the quantum vacuum: Cosmology as relaxation to the equilibrium state
• Topological Features of the Quantum Vacuum
• Running cosmological constant with observational tests
• Propagating q-field and q-ball solution
• Quantum Yang--Mills Dark Energy
• Gluon condensate, modified gravity, and the accelerating Universe
• A small non-vanishing cosmological constant from the Krein-Gupta-Bleuler vacuum
• Emergent gravity from the IIB matrix model and cancellation of a cosmological constant
• Cosmological models with gauge fields
• Observational constraints on running vacuum model
• From Analogue Models to Gravitating Vacuum
• Matter density perturbation and power spectrum in running vacuum model
• Effective cosmological constant from TeV-scale physics
• The cosmological dark sector as a scalar $\sigma$-meson field
• The Newton constant and gravitational waves in some vector field adjusting mechanisms
• QCD-scale modified-gravity universe
• 50 years in the Landau Institute environment
• The existence of smooth solutions in q-theories
• Osmotic pressure of matter and vacuum energy
• Cosmology in the presence of diffeomorphism-violating, nondynamical background fields
• A vacuum component of the Universe must evolve