Probing condensate order in deep optical lattices

Abstract

We study interacting bosons in optical lattices in the weak-tunneling regime in systems that exhibit the coexistence of Mott-insulating and condensed phases. We discuss the nature of the condensed ground state in this regime and the validity of the mean-field treatment thereof. We suggest two experimental signatures of condensate order in the system. (1) We analyze the hyperfine configuration of the system and propose a set of experimental parameters for observing radio-frequency spectra that would demonstrate the existence of the condensed phase between Mott-insulating phases. We derive the structure of the signal from the condensate in a typical trapped system, taking into account Goldstone excitations, and discuss its evolution as a function of temperature. (2) We study matter-wave interference patterns displayed by the system upon release from all confining potentials. We show that as the density profiles evolve very differently for the Mott-insulating phase and the condensed phase, they can be distinguished from one another when the two phases coexist.

15 pages, 9 figures, RevTeX; content changed, references changed

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• Oscillatory pairing amplitude and magnetic compressible-incompressible transitions in imbalanced fermionic superfluids in optical lattices of elongated tubes
• Tuning between singlet, triplet, and mixed pairing states in an extended Hubbard chain
• Exciton condensation in strongly correlated electron bilayers
• Spectroscopy of dipolar fermions in 2D pancakes and 3D lattices
• Many-body physics in the radio frequency spectrum of lattice bosons
• Magnetic phase transition in coherently coupled Bose gases in optical lattices
• Bose-Hubbard model with occupation-parity couplings
• Global and local condensate and superfluid fraction of a few hard core bosons in a cubic optical lattice plus external harmonic confinement
• Theoretical Analysis on Spectroscopy of Atomic Bose-Hubbard Systems
• Interaction-Induced Gradients Across a Confined Fermion Lattice
• Degenerate approach to the mean field Bose- Hubbard Hamiltonian