Excess quantum noise due to mode nonorthogonality in dielectric microresonators

Abstract

This work presents a theory of the frequency-resolved light emission of active two-dimensional dielectric microresonators, which are characterized by a highly non-paraxial mode structure and frequently feature a position-dependent dielectric constant and non-uniform gain. The Lorentzian intensity profile is characterized by an appropriately generalized Petermann factor, a renormalized peak position, and the cold-cavity resonance lifetime Gamma. The theory also delivers a relation of Gamma to the laser threshold that improves earlier phenomenological expressions even for the case of a homogeneous medium.

4 + 2 pages, 1 + 1 figures (text plus supplemental information)

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• Petermann factors and phase rigidities near exceptional points
• Ab-initio multimode linewidth theory for arbitrary inhomogeneous laser cavities
• General linewidth formula for steady-state multimode lasing in arbitrary cavities
• Formation and interaction of resonance chains in the open 3-disk system
• Nonorthogonality constraints in open quantum and wave systems
• Gain-Loss Coupled Systems
• Moving along an exceptional surface towards a higher-order exceptional point
• Detecting bulk and edge exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems through generalized Petermann factors
• Generalized Sub-Schawlow-Townes Laser Linewidths Via Material Dispersion
• Generalized Petermann factor of non-Hermitian systems at exceptional points
• Inherent Stochastic Linearization of Random Laser Modes
• Distance between exceptional points and diabolic points and its implication for the response strength of non-Hermitian systems