Supermassive Black Holes as Giant Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

The Schwarzschild metric has a divergent energy density at the horizon, which motivates a new approach to black holes. If matter is spread uniformly throughout the interior of a supermassive black hole, with mass $M\sim M_{\star }=2.3410^8{M}_{\odot }$, it may arise from a Bose-Einstein condensate of densely packed H-atoms. Within the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation with a positive cosmological constant, a bosonic quantum field is coupled to the curvature scalar. In the Bose-Einstein condensed groundstate an exact, selfconsistent solution for the metric is presented. It is regular with a specific shape at the origin. The redshift at the horizon is finite but large, $z\sim 10^{14}$$M_{\star }/M$. The binding energy remains as an additional parameter to characterize the BH; alternatively, the mass observed at infinity can be any fraction of the rest mass of its constituents.

6 pages, no figures

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Cited by in corpus (6)

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• Black holes as self-sustained quantum states, and Hawking radiation
• Thermal BEC black holes
• Bose-Einstein condensed supermassive black holes: a case of renormalized quantum field theory in curved space-time
• Quantum post-Newtonian theory for corpuscular Black Holes