Failure of feedback as a putative common mechanism of spreading depolarizations in migraine and stroke

Abstract

The stability of cortical function depends critically on proper regulation. Under conditions of migraine and stroke a breakdown of transmembrane chemical gradients can spread through cortical tissue. A concomitant component of this emergent spatio-temporal pattern is a depolarization of cells detected as slow voltage variations. The velocity of ~3 mm/min indicates a contribution of diffusion. We propose a mechanism for spreading depolarizations (SD) that rests upon a nonlocal or non-instantaneous feedback in a reaction-diffusion system. Depending upon the characteristic space and time scales of the feedback, the propagation of cortical SD can be suppressed by shifting the bifurcation line, which separates the parameter regime of pulse propagation from the regime where a local disturbance dies out. The optimisation of this feedback is elaborated for different control schemes and ranges of control parameters.

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• Time-delayed feedback in neurosystems
• Controlling the onset of traveling pulses in excitable media by nonlocal spatial coupling and time-delayed feedback
• Instabilities of localized structures in dissipative systems with delayed feedback
• Propagation failure of excitation waves on trees and random networks
• Control of coherence resonance in semiconductor superlattices
• Nucleation of reaction-diffusion waves on curved surfaces
• Effect of small-world topology on wave propagation on networks of excitable elements
• Nonlocal control of pulse propagation in excitable media
• Multistability, local pattern formation, and global collective firing in a small-world network of non-leaky integrate-and-fire neurons
• Front and Turing patterns induced by Mexican-hat-like nonlocal feedback