Breakdown of integrability in a quasi-one-dimensional ultracold bosonic gas

Abstract

We demonstrate that virtual excitations of higher radial modes in an atomic Bose gas in a tightly confining waveguide result in effective three-body collisions that violate integrability in this quasi-one-dimensional quantum system and give rise to thermalization. The estimated thermalization rates are consistent with recent experimental results in quasi-1D dynamics of ultracold atoms.

arXiv comment4 pages, 3 figures, revtex4

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