All 2-dimensional links in 4-space live inside a universal 3-dimensional polyhedron

Abstract

The hexabasic book is the cone of the 1-dimensional skeleton of the union of two tetrahedra glued along a common face. The universal 3-dimensional polyhedron UP is the product of a segment and the hexabasic book. We show that any 2-dimensional link in 4-space is isotopic to a surface in UP. The proof is based on a representation of surfaces in 4-space by marked graphs, links with double intersections in 3-space. We construct a finitely presented semigroup whose central elements uniquely encode all isotopy classes of 2-dimensional links.

18 pages, 18 figures, proofs have been made more detailed

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